Pre-Columbian Literature
Things to Consider:
- View of Gods
- Versions of Creation (and Relation to Culture)
- Comparison with Greek, Egyptian, and African Poetry
- Issues of gender with gods/goddesses
** Homework Questions **
Popol Vuh
665:
- According to the editors, what is the benefit of
"imperfect" gods?
- According to the editors, how do the creation stories in
Popol Vuh replicate the sequence of Mayan history?
Part One [Prologue, Creation]:
668:
- How do Heart of Sky and Plumed Serpent
make the world? How does this
compare with the African versions previously discussed?
Part Two [The Twins Defeat Seven Macaw]
668:
- Who are Hunahpu and Xbalanque? See Ball Court


- Why do they want to defeat Seven Macaw

? How
do they?
Part Three [Victory over the Underworld]
670:
- Present one parallel between this section and Gilgamesh.
- Present one parallel between this section and the Bible.
672:
- What is the heart sacrifice?
Part Four [Origin of Humanity, First Dawn]
673:
- What ingredients are used to make humans? Why?

Part Five [Prayer for Contentment]
676:
- Explain: "Spill thy drops / of green and yellow"
(5-6). What is the symbolism here?
Other Discussion Questions:
665:
- Does this text present a monotheistic or polytheistic
view? Explain.
- What is "Jung's collective unconscious" (665)?
- Where might similarities between Popol Vuh and
the Bible come from?
- Explain: "In societies in which the god structure
or religious standard is too high, the people are doomed to
destruction in some form or another" (665).
666:
- What is the significance of man being made from corn?
667:
- What do the plate and bowl symbolize?
- What is the Council Book? Why is it that the reader
of it "hides his face" (667)?
Part One [Prologue, Creation]:
668:
- Why does Heart of Sky have three names?
Part Three [Victory over the Underworld]
670:
- What is the difference among Hunahpu, One Hunahpu, and
Seven Hunahpu?
Part Four [Origin of Humanity, First Dawn]
675:
- Why does the creator take back some of the knowledge from
the original humans? How does this compare to Genesis?
- Why do the first humans shake their burning copal?
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